When the cannabis plant comes to mind, most people immediately think of Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica. However, there is a third, often overlooked type of cannabis that deserves equal attention – Cannabis ruderalis.
Despite being less known, ruderalis holds fascinating characteristics that differentiate it from its siblings and offers unique benefits that have revolutionized the cannabis industry.
Where Does Cannabis Ruderalis Come From?
Cannabis ruderalis is native to the colder regions of the world, specifically Central and Eastern Europe and Russia.
The term ‘ruderalis’ stems from ‘ruderal,’ a term in botany used to describe wild plant species that are the first to grow in areas disturbed by natural forces or human activities.
True to its name, ruderalis exhibits hardy and resilient characteristics, allowing it to survive harsh climates and conditions where its counterparts would struggle.
Physical Characteristics of Cannabis Ruderalis
On physical examination, Cannabis ruderalis stands out from Sativa and Indica strains due to its size and structure.
Ruderalis plants are considerably smaller, typically reaching a height of 1-2.5 feet. They possess a rugged and shaggy appearance with fewer branches and broad, chunky leaves.
The plant’s small size and quick growth cycle have led many to overlook its potential. However, these characteristics are advantageous in certain growing conditions and have a significant impact on the cultivation and breeding of other cannabis strains, as we will discuss later.
The Unique Growth Cycle of Cannabis Ruderalis
Perhaps the most fascinating aspect of Cannabis ruderalis is its unique growth cycle.
While Sativa and Indica strains rely on photoperiod cues (i.e., the change in light and dark periods) to transition from the vegetative phase to the flowering phase, ruderalis operates independently of light changes.
This characteristic, known as autoflowering, allows ruderalis to transition to the flowering stage based on its age, typically after 21-30 days from seed, regardless of light conditions.
The Role of Cannabis Ruderalis in Hybridization
The unique traits of Cannabis ruderalis – resilience, compact size, low THC, high CBD, and autoflowering – have significant implications in cannabis breeding.
By crossbreeding ruderalis with Sativa or Indica strains, breeders can develop hybrid strains that maintain the desirable high THC or CBD content of Sativa and Indica but adopt the autoflowering characteristic and hardiness of ruderalis.
This has revolutionized the cannabis industry, enabling the cultivation of potent cannabis strains in environments that would not ordinarily be conducive for cannabis growth.
Cannabis Ruderalis and Therapeutic Applications
With high levels of CBD and low levels of THC, Cannabis ruderalis has been gaining attention in the medicinal cannabis field.
CBD has been shown to have potential therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-anxiety, and seizure-suppressing properties.
These qualities make Cannabis ruderalis a valuable resource for developing medical cannabis products aimed at providing relief without the psychoactive effects associated with high THC levels.
The Unsung Hero of the Cannabis Family
To wrap up, Cannabis ruderalis may not be as well-known as its siblings, but its unique features and contributions to the cannabis industry are undeniable.
From its hardy growth and autoflowering capabilities to its potential in breeding and medicinal applications, ruderalis is a testament to the fact that great things indeed come in small packages!
The Cannabis ruderalis story is not only fascinating but also indicative of the vast potential and diversity contained within the cannabis genus.
By continuing to study and explore this incredible plant, we can unlock even more benefits and applications in the future.
